Impact of Doppler effect on pilot augmentation techniques for channel estimation in UWA-OFDM systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.IITE.2025.99-106Keywords:
OFDM; Underwater acoustic; Channel estimation; Doppler effect.Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of the Doppler effect on pilot insertion techniques for channel estimation in Underwater Acoustic Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UWA-OFDM) systems. Accurate channel estimation is critical for reliable data transmission in underwater acoustic communications, where the propagation environment is highly dynamic and susceptible to Doppler-induced distortions. To address this challenge, several pilot augmentation strategies are evaluated with the objective of enhancing the robustness and accuracy of channel estimation. The study provides a comparative analysis of these techniques under varying Doppler conditions, highlighting their effectiveness in compensating for frequency and time shifts caused by relative motion in the underwater environment. The results demonstrate the selection of appropriate pilot structures to mitigate Doppler effects and improve overall system performance.
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